Готовый перевод Собор в Дареме / Durham Cathedral: Cкрипт

Among not high sloping hills of north-west England is towered the Durham Cathedral, as though it were a grey rock,

Its east choir is crowned with an enormous rose with twenty petals, inside it shines like the sun.

For a human being of the Middle Ages it was the symbol of Christ, the light, the peace, which everything submits.

And the church is the guide to this light.

The size of the Cathedral amazes.

It looks like the stronghold as well as the church.

There is a reason of it.

Built 900 years ago, it houses treasures, more than thousand years ago monks brought it here, the relics of Saint Cuthbert.

There they finally might find the rest.

The cathedral stays as an enormous ark, high above the River Wear.

The rock, washed from two sides, looks like a peninsula.

Rising the church over a town, the rock was a refuge of it.

It was the refuge that monks were looking for.

Almost for ten years in succession, they carried the relics of the St. Cuthbert from one place to another because of the fear of Vikings' forays.

Their wanderings began from Lindesfarl, a little island near the north coasts of England, almost near the Scottish bound.

The holy island as it is called is an island that hides an inexplicable charm can be waded today.

In 635, monks founded here the first monastery.

Very soon it became the heart of spirituality and culture of the north-east England.

About the golden age of those times tell the ashes.

At the end of the 7th century the hermit Cuthbert, famous for his piety, was consecrated into the bishop of the island.

He accepted this rank unwillingly and in two years he released of this burdan. He died.

10 yars later it was decided to rebury his body and it appeared not to be touched with dust.

For people it was a symbol, their worship is pleasing to the Heavens.

Lindisfame became the most famous place of pilgrimage in the north England.

With pilgrims came money.

It couldn't be concealed from Vikings, they attacked the monestary.

Putting to flight, the monks took the relics of St. Cuthbert,ерфт than fulfilling his will: Dont'leave mehere, if you leave the island.

Finally in Durham monks felt themselves in safety.

For Cuthbert's burial they built on the rock so called The Wight Church.

It was consecrated in 999.

100 years later it was demolished by the Normans.

After the end of the battles it was necessary to found thier own kingdom.

Everything should have been become new, including churches.

The Durham cathedral is the realization of its will.

On the British islands there is no more expressive image of early Norman architecture.

Everything here reaches the gigantic size, saving an amazing sense of propotion.

Outside the cathedral is strict and modest, it is designed rather boring.

Under the stone walls dull arcades draw attention,and as lead to enternity.

Its towers rush up to the skies and as a matter of fact, the cathedral is what it really is - a sacred stronghold in the name of God.

"Grey towers of Durham, yet well I love thy mixed and massive piles.

Half church of God, half castle against the Scot", - these were the words of Sir Walter Scott on Durham.

The North portal resembles the customs of the past.

A man, having accused in some crime, ran here looking for defence (safety, cover (как укрытие)).

Having touched the door knocker, he got the right to cover in the cathedral.

Then he should either leave the country or appear in court.

The Western part of the church which is also called "the place of the darkness" houses a baptismal font.

And there is no coincidence.

According to the Christian dogma, a man gets rid of the sinful darkness and follows the light of his life through baptism.

The vault of the cathedral is supported by massive columns.

The central wall is divided into three tiers.

The triforium passes under the lower tier.

There are several windows at the top, each stair-well (?) in their turn has six openings.

In six days God made the world (так в библии) and the cathedral - and they are truly the creations of his hands.

The cathedral's immensity is overwhelming.

At that times, Cuthbert was the most important medieval saint of England. (это точный перевод, ваще стопудовый) :D

Crowds of pilgrims yearned for visiting his grave.

A great number of wonderful healings took place threre, and it his new church was meant to astonish people with its beauty, and of couse, reliability, as the rebellious Scottish are not far away from this place.

The Enlgish King neede a loyal ally to help him to defeat the Scottish.

And, given the absolute royal power, the Durham bishop becomes his ally.

The bishop gets the Durham fortress as the protection of his own.

Fortifications are typical to the Norman style.

A wathing tower stands on the hill, surrounded by the group of other less inportant buildings.

Today the fortress is given to the college.

It has been reconstructed many times, but the best preserved erection is a chapel.

The six pillars divide the space of the chapel.

They also resemble the six days of creation the world.

The pillar themselves look very poor.

But in their capitals the masters' fantasy revealed in the full.

There is a mysterical connection between the images of human beings and the images of animals.

The foretress and the cathedral, the sword and the altar in the Durham Cathedral are inseparable.

They shared a common mission (aim)l - to protect the borders and Saint Cuthbert.

In the eastern part of the church where the chapel of nine altars crowned the cathedral, Saint Cuthbert was buried.

According to the legend Cuthbert's shrine was a mysterious place decorated with precious stones.

Nowadays, just a simple tombstone marks the place where that shrine was.

Because in 1540 Henry VIII laid his hands on the treasures of Durham Cathedral.

Cuthbert turns his eyes to the stained-glass windows of the East choir.

In Christ, bearing his cross, he could find similarities with himself.

But another Christ was close and clear to him - the one, who revealed himself at Tabor mountain in the heavenly lights of the winner.

Like Christ, Cuthbert noted for his miracles, though after his death.

Modesty and grace single out the cloister with its gothic arches.

Everything here breathes piece.

It seems almost incredible that the cathedral experienced hard times, that for decades it was standing in the ruins, that all the chairs in the choire were burned by Scottish soldiers in order to keep warm, when Cromwell locked them in the cathedral.

Some of the masterpieces are not evident, they are very touching.

That is the Norman Arcade in the right side of the chapel.

It lost its color scheme, but not the mighty proportions of the crossed arches.

How thoughtful look up the faces from the chapel of 9 altars.

Their noses are broken off, their faces are desecrated.

In a blind diligence the reformers didn't spare them.

Checked and serrated ornament decorates the enormous cylindrical piers.

Owing to them, the cathedral seems immense.

To feel the atmosphere is very difficult.

For example, the fact that Cuthbert couldn't stand the presence of women near him.

Even The Virgin Mary had to feel it.

One day, in honer of her, near the tomb began the construction of the chapel.

Soon its walls started to crack, and the construction works were stopped.

Construction materials were transferred to the west of the Cathedral.

The Galilean chapel was built there.

Everything here is light and easy.

Serrated arches reminds of Islamic influence.

And the whole chapel also resembles a mosque.

Twelve columns, divided into four rows, cross it.

Four is the number of the Earth, three is the symbol of the Heaven.

Where they unite, there appears the spirit of holiness.

The chapel stores the fresco with the image of Cuthbert.

In the chapel there is also the remains of well-known Beka.

It wasn't always the same.

Till 1022 this holy and learned man had lain in Jarow.

In order to increase the significance of the Durhem Cathdreal, this invaluable relic, its sacristans in that year stole the relics of Beka and brought it there.

The Saint didn’t prevent the theft, which means that he wanted it to happen.

As every church, Durhem cathedral serves to unit the earthly and divine.

The central passage of the cathedral is the Earth. it is crossed by the Heavens.

Being crossed, they form the True Cross.

At a height of more than 50m, being supported by 4 linking piers, it holds up the Universe.

Conceived as gravestone, built as bastion against invaders, the cathedral still remains what it is from the very beginning – the house of the Lord among people and for people.

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Переведено на Нотабеноиде
http://notabenoid.org/book/27371/93679

Переводчики: Solomeya, ichuly, inna69, weinkisser