Готовый перевод Initial Kievan Russia / Русь изначальная: 1

Inherent, original (Kievan) Russia

Writing came to Russia together with the religion of the Byzantine Empire. It is believed that the creators of the Cyrillic alphabet, that is also a basis of the Russian alphabet, were Slavic missionaries and illuminers, brothers Cyril and Methodius. They lived in the IX century, and had been educated at the court of the Byzantine Emperor Michael III in Constantinople. Cyril has successfully participated in theological disputes with the 'adherents of a different faith (non-Christians, gentiles)'. Near 860, he made a diplomatic trip to the Khazars, who acknowledged Judaism. Having created the Slavonic alphabet, Cyril and Methodius translated liturgical books from Greek to Christian. In 863, the Byzantine Emperor sent brothers to Moravia to preach Christianity in Slavonic language.

Christianity spread in Russia in VIII-IX centuries. It was contributed (conduced) by close relations with Bysantium. It's known that many attendants of Knayzh (Prince) Igor, together with his wife, were baptised. However in the period of Knyazh Svyatoslav and young Vladimir's reign (under their regime) there was a return of paganism. Thus in the time of Vladimir the sanctuaries of the pagan Gods were built. The main of these sanctuaries was considered Perhun - god of thunder and lightning, which was the analog of Greek Zeus and Roman Jove.

Vladimir faced a choice between three religions: Christianity of Nordics (Scandinavians) and Byzantines, Islam of Eastern neighbours and Judaism of Khazars. Marriage between a daughter of Byzantine Emperor became (was) a decisive factor in favour of Byzantine christianity. Having made his choice, Vladimir ordered to destroy pagan idols.

The introduction of Christianity as the only religion helped to unite the Russian lands. A common character of ancient Russian religion and other European countries' religion has made ​​it a part of Europe. In Russia the distribution is received by the Byzantine tradition in architecture, painting, iconography. Byzantine traditions of architecture, art and iconography became widely spread in Russia.

Orthodox Church has played an important role in the period of Mongol-Tatar invasion, because the conqueres were tolerant towards Orthodox clergy. In that period the centre of Russian Church becomes Sergiyev Posad and The Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius.

One of the first monuments of Russian literature were the so-called 'birch bark', founded in Novgorod during the excavations in 1951. It is most often private letters of domestic or humorous content. There Birchbarks addressed to historically famous persons such as Novgorod's mayors (posadnik).

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Переведено на Нотабеноиде
http://notabenoid.org/book/37722/136465

Переводчики: ichuly