shevelevee: переводы

→This research was done based on professional players who had a 15-minute half time break. Many youth soccer games have only 5 or 10 minutes for half time so the drop in body temperature will be smaller and a correspondingly shorter warm would be needed. Also, in extreme heat no re-warm up may be needed, over and above a little stretching, and players might more usefully spend the time conserving energy and re-hydrating Nonetheless, for most teams on most occasions a half time re-warm up seems to be a sensible idea. The warm up may also serve another purpose. It is a given that all coaches want their players psychologically prepared to go out and compete from the first whistle.

→ Some studies have suggested that the re-warm up results in fewer injuries, particularly at the start of the second half.

→ Groups that engaged in such a warm up had better sprint and overall performance at the start of the second half than those who did not.

→ A short warm up of 7 to 8 minutes can raise body temperature back to close to the level at the end of the first half.

→ Over a 15-minute half time break the body temperature of players falls to close to their normal body temperature

→This next part is controversial as it is so seldom practiced but it is worth considering as it may be what sends your players back out onto the field in the optimal physical and psychological state. Jens Bangsbo, the former Juventus Assistant Manager, is one of the most respected researchers in the science of soccer. Along with a number of other researchers Bangsbo has conducted experiments that suggest the following:

→START ME UP

→Extending the logic to soccer it may make sense for coaches to guard against over-confidence in winning teams by perhaps pointing out how dangerous the other team can be, or the chances they created. The balance is tricky because the last thing any coach wants is to instill fear in their players, but it’s worth considering. How many times have we all seen a game change totally when the second half whistle blows because one team is not psychologically ready to compete? By contrast convincing your team that the deficit can be overcome (“we dominated the last 5 minutes;” “ we made a lot of chances, we just need to convert one”) is clearly a sensible strategy.

→A recent article in the Harvard Business Reviewpointed to some interesting research in which participants in various pursuits were more likely to win if they were slightly BEHIND at half time rather than in front. This was true in laboratory tests but it was also true in basketball (there were 18,000 NBA games in the research sample). In soccer the effect is likely to be less pronounced because it’s such a low scoring sport but it may well be that the team leading does not win as often as they should because of this effect. It’s well worth a read. It is not clear why this effect exists but the authors postulate that perhaps we relax when we perceive ourselves to be winning but are doubly motivated when we are losing but when we perceive ourselves to still be close enough to overcome the deficit.

→Pick 3 problems (maybe it 2 or 4 but you get the point), make clear, concise descriptions of the solutions you see to the problems, and then finish while all this is still crystal clear to the players. As the head coach it is important that you make the points. If numerous coaches have their say then the talk will go on too long and the players will lose focus. Quickly, and very succinctly, repeat your main points and close your talk ending with the point you most want to emphasize. Whatever style you choose to use make sure the players go out for the second half sufficiently motivated. Momentum in games often swings markedly at these points. It is easy to be too relaxed and casual if things are going well for the team, especially if it is still a one-goal game.

→This is a time for the coach to temporarily take control and tell the players what soccer problems they see and how we are going to solve them. The players expect their coach to be a leader, a problem-solver. Be precise specific. A comment such as ‘”their left-winger is killing us, make sure we deal with him” is of no use to the players. By contrast stating that “ their left winger is causing us problems, make sure that you show him inside to neutralize his speed. Johnny, you need to slide over and double up when this happens. If he comes inside tackle him.” is very precise and leaves the players in no doubt what you want them to do.

→Where to start? So many things did not happen perfectly in the first half; so many mistakes were made. So many things went well and are working. To harp on all of these would take the entire second half and would be entirely counterproductive, as the players would soon stop listening. This is where coaches need to prioritize. At the very most they should restrict themselves to 3 points: What are the three most important points that you need to emphasize to your players to help them win the game? This is not a time for blame; it is not a time for recriminations. This is a time for calm, rational, positive coaching.

→C. Kiss – keep, it simple ,s…

→The next part of half time really depends on what the internal dynamics are within the team. If the relationship between coach and players is open then now is a good time to ask the players for their opinions. What are they seeing? What is working for them and what is causing them problems? How can we change what we are doing and what adjustments can we make to help us win the game. Particularly with young players, if we can get our team to engage in such a dialogue then the rewards are enormous. If players can begin to diagnose soccer problems at such moments then it is a relatively small step to begin to formulate solutions by themselves in the course of the game. It is crucial however that every voice must be respected. Even if the coach violently disagrees with what is being said, it is crucial to recognize the validity of the opinion or that player may never speak up again.

→B. Let the players have their say

→As a coach if your blood is boiling you can probably achieve the effect you want by doing the exact opposite. Give your players their few minutes, then start to address them very slowly in a very, very soft voice: “ So you tell me, what did you think of that half? “ Give it a moment or two or three to sink in. The silence will be painful and apt to focus them much more than the hairdryer treatment. Someone may say something and opine, “ It wasn’t good enough.” Back to you in a very slow, very calm reply “ no it wasn’t. “ Hesitation. “We’re better than that, we’re much better than that. So what are we going to do about it?” You will have the players full attention, they will know exactly how you feel, they may feel that they have let you down, but at the same time you will have delivered the message that you believe in your players and have a plan for the second half.

→This type of communication is becoming much less socially acceptable in many societies and many of today’s youth have never experienced such interactions with adults and will probably respond negatively to them. This is not to say that a coach can never use such a tactic. A coach that almost never raises their voice but who occasionally rips into their players may shock them into thinking “ wow we have really upset coach,” and get their attention but this approach should be used sparingly.

→The coach should try to avoid emotional outbursts. They should especially try to avoid becoming abusive or confrontational towards individual players. Historically, the hairdryer approach has been widely used but coaches should consider carefully whether they want to go down this path. For this to work it requires a team that is emotionally and psychologically very strong. Yes there will be players who will say to themselves “ I’ll show him “ and redouble their efforts but there will also be players who are much less confident and resilient who will wilt under such an assault.

→a. Killing me softly…

→Here the coach needs to affect the mindset of the team as well as make any tactical changes deemed necessary. Here are a few things to consider: