Maere: переводы
The Muslim Conquest of Persia / Мусульманское завоевание Персии
→Once again the throne of Persia was vacant and awaited the next occupant.
This time, however, it seemed that there was none available, because after the
massacre of the princes by Sheeruya, very few had been left who belonged to
the ruling Sasani family; and these few had one by one ascended the throne and
had one by one been killed by a fickle court and a fickle people. But a vigorous
search was nevertheless conducted and it was not long before a prince of the
royal blood was found living in obscurity in Istakhr [Persepolis].
This time, however, it seemed that there was none available, because after the
massacre of the princes by Sheeruya, very few had been left who belonged to
the ruling Sasani family; and these few had one by one ascended the throne and
had one by one been killed by a fickle court and a fickle people. But a vigorous
search was nevertheless conducted and it was not long before a prince of the
royal blood was found living in obscurity in Istakhr [Persepolis].
0 Вновь персидский трон освободился для нового претендента. Только на этот раз достойного не нашлось, ибо после резни, устроенной принцем Шируя, от правещей династии Сасанидов осталась лишь горстка людей, и эти люди один за другим занимали трон и один за другим погибали от рук изменников при дворе или изменчивого народа. И все же после тщательных поисков нашелся отпрыск правящий династии, живущий в забвении в Истахре (Персеполис).
→A clamour went up
in Ctesiphon against the Emperor Farrukhzad, who was blamed for provoking
the Muslims unnecessarily with his uncouth insults. The ·clamour turned to
violence; and the Emperor was killed.
in Ctesiphon against the Emperor Farrukhzad, who was blamed for provoking
the Muslims unnecessarily with his uncouth insults. The ·clamour turned to
violence; and the Emperor was killed.
0 Шумно восстал Ктесифон против императора Фаррухзад, который по обвинениям своими грубыми нападками неразумно сердил мусульман. Восстание обернулось кровопролитием, и Император погиб.
→While they had
acknowledged the superiority of Khalid's genius and bowed to the inevitability
of his victories, it now appeared that even the successors of Khalid were cast in
the same mould and would further humiliate the great empire. The Persians
were a brave people, and reacted with anger to this defeat.
acknowledged the superiority of Khalid's genius and bowed to the inevitability
of his victories, it now appeared that even the successors of Khalid were cast in
the same mould and would further humiliate the great empire. The Persians
were a brave people, and reacted with anger to this defeat.
1 Хотя персы признали великий гений Халида ибн аль-Валида и склонились перед неизбежностью его побед, оказалось, что и его последовали вылеплены из того же теста и принесут еще больше унижений великой империи. Персы были храбрым народом, и поражение разожгло в них гнев.
→An even bigger change which occurred related to the Persian throne and
resulted from the Battle of Babylon. For the Muslims it was just another
victory, but to the Persians it was more than another defeat.
resulted from the Battle of Babylon. For the Muslims it was just another
victory, but to the Persians it was more than another defeat.
0 Еще более грандиозные перемены принесла персидской власти Битва при Вавилоне. Для мусульман эта победа стала очередной в череде подобных, для персов же поражение стало масштабным.
→This general was also a renowned astrologer and would seek to discover in the
movement of the stars the course of future events. Because of his supposed
insight into things unseen, and the chaotic conditions of the empire, one friend
asked him confidentially, "What draws you to this? You can see how things
are." The general replied: "The love of glory."34 The general's name was
Rustam.
movement of the stars the course of future events. Because of his supposed
insight into things unseen, and the chaotic conditions of the empire, one friend
asked him confidentially, "What draws you to this? You can see how things
are." The general replied: "The love of glory."34 The general's name was
Rustam.
0 Этот полководец был, кроме того, известным звездочетом и по движениям звезд определял грядущие события. Из-за этой приписываемой способности знать неизведанное и разлада внутри империи, один друг задал полководцу доверительный вопрос: "Что влечет тебя сюда? Ведь ты знаешь, чем все обернется". И полководец ответил: "Жажда славы" 34 Имя этого полководца - Рустам.
→Muthana returned to Hira. He was now, the Muslim Commander-in-Chief in
Iraq and responsible for the defence of South-Western Iraq against the Persian
Empire. So far he had served as a subordinate general, albeit the fiercest and
most dashing one, under a military genius who with 18,000 men had humbled
the empire of the Chosroes and knocked the stuffing out of its armies in several
bloody battles.
Iraq and responsible for the defence of South-Western Iraq against the Persian
Empire. So far he had served as a subordinate general, albeit the fiercest and
most dashing one, under a military genius who with 18,000 men had humbled
the empire of the Chosroes and knocked the stuffing out of its armies in several
bloody battles.
0 Миснах вернулся в Хиру. Теперь он стал главнокомандующим в Ираке и отвечал за безопасность юго-западных границ Ирака против Персидской Империи. До сих пор он находился только в подчинении пусть и у самого бесстрашного и решительного генерала, у военного гения, который с армией в 18 000 человек покорил державу Сасанидов и выбил дух из их армии в паре кровавых битв.
→Muthana
accompanied him along the caravan route up to Quraqir in Western Iraq,
whence Khalid would strike out across the desert, in a perilous march, to keep
his rendezvous with destiny.28 At Quraqir, Muthana bade farewell to his
beloved Commander-in-Chief. As they shook hands, Khalid said: "Return to
your command; may Allah bless you, and raid as you please."29 These two
magnificent soldiers, who held each other in affection and professional esteem,
did not know that they would never see each other again.
accompanied him along the caravan route up to Quraqir in Western Iraq,
whence Khalid would strike out across the desert, in a perilous march, to keep
his rendezvous with destiny.28 At Quraqir, Muthana bade farewell to his
beloved Commander-in-Chief. As they shook hands, Khalid said: "Return to
your command; may Allah bless you, and raid as you please."29 These two
magnificent soldiers, who held each other in affection and professional esteem,
did not know that they would never see each other again.
0 Миснах сопровождал его по караванной дороге до Куракира на западе Ирака, откуда Халид ибн аль-Валид должен совершить опасный бросок через пустыню для встречи с судьбой. 28 В Куракири Миснах распрощался с драгоценным главнокомандующим. Пожав руку Миснаху, Халид сказал: "Возвращайся к своим войскам, да благословит тебя Аллах, продолжай набеги, если пожелаешь". 29 Два этих великолепных война, что уважали заслуги друг друга и преклонялись перед ними, не знали, что видятся в последний раз.
→Chapter 2: The Change of Command
Early in June, 634, Khalid set off from Hira with 9,000 men on his march to
Syria, to take command of the Muslim front against Rome.
Early in June, 634, Khalid set off from Hira with 9,000 men on his march to
Syria, to take command of the Muslim front against Rome.
0 Глава 2. Смена командования
В первых числах июня 634 года Халид ибн аль-Валид с девятитысячной армией выдвинулся из Хиры на Сирию, чтобы принять командование мусульманских фронтом в борьбе с Византией.
В первых числах июня 634 года Халид ибн аль-Валид с девятитысячной армией выдвинулся из Хиры на Сирию, чтобы принять командование мусульманских фронтом в борьбе с Византией.
→And let there be
no delay. Lo, to Allah belongs all bounty, and He is the dispenser of rewardsP
25 Although the Caliph is known to history as Abu Bakr, his actual name was Abdullah
and he had also been given by the Holy prophet the appellation of Ateeq.
26 This is how Khalid was usually addressed: Abu Suleiman.
27 Tabari: vol. 2. pp 600. 605. Waqidi: Futuh: p. 14.
no delay. Lo, to Allah belongs all bounty, and He is the dispenser of rewardsP
25 Although the Caliph is known to history as Abu Bakr, his actual name was Abdullah
and he had also been given by the Holy prophet the appellation of Ateeq.
26 This is how Khalid was usually addressed: Abu Suleiman.
27 Tabari: vol. 2. pp 600. 605. Waqidi: Futuh: p. 14.
0 И пусть ничто не стоит на твоем пути, ибо Аллах щедр и в силах Его наградить нас"
25 И хотя халиф известен в истории как Абу Бакр, его настоящим именем было "Абдуллах", пророк Мухаммед нарек его Ас-Сиддиком.
26 Так обычно обращались к Халиду ибн аль-Валиду - отец Сулеймана (Абу Суллейман).
27 Ибн Джарир ат-Табари: т.2 стр. 600-605.
аль-Ва́киди: «Футух аш-Шам» («Завоевание Сирии»): стр 14.
25 И хотя халиф известен в истории как Абу Бакр, его настоящим именем было "Абдуллах", пророк Мухаммед нарек его Ас-Сиддиком.
26 Так обычно обращались к Халиду ибн аль-Валиду - отец Сулеймана (Абу Суллейман).
27 Ибн Джарир ат-Табари: т.2 стр. 600-605.
аль-Ва́киди: «Футух аш-Шам» («Завоевание Сирии»): стр 14.
→Go with speed and high purpose, 0 Father of
Suleiinan,26 and complete your task with the help of Allah, exalted be He. Be
among those who strive for Allah. Divide your army into two and leave half
with Muthana, who shall be commander in Iraq. Let not more go with you than
stay with him. After victory you shall return to Iraq and resume command. Let
not pride enter your mind, for it will deceive and mislead you.
Suleiinan,26 and complete your task with the help of Allah, exalted be He. Be
among those who strive for Allah. Divide your army into two and leave half
with Muthana, who shall be commander in Iraq. Let not more go with you than
stay with him. After victory you shall return to Iraq and resume command. Let
not pride enter your mind, for it will deceive and mislead you.
0 Следуй быстро и помни о высокой цели, отец Сулеймана26, и пусть Аллаха поможет тебе в твоем деле, да будет славен Он. Будь среди тех, кто ищет Аллаха. Раздели армию на двое, и одну половину оставь Миснаху, кто отныне будет наместником Ирака. Не бери с собой больше войск, чем оставишь ему. После победы возвращайся в Ирак и принимай командование. Не дай гордыне затмить разум, ибо она обманет и заманит на неверный путь.
→I appoint you commander over the armies of the
Muslims, and direct you to fight the Romans. You shall be commander over
Abu Ubayda and those with him.
Muslims, and direct you to fight the Romans. You shall be commander over
Abu Ubayda and those with him.
0 Я назначаю тебя главнокомандующим всех мусульманских армий и направляю сражаться с Византией. Отныне Абу́ ‘Убайда ибн аль-Джарра́х и все подчиняющиеся ему переходят под твое командование.
→Peace be upon you.
"I render praise unto Allah than whom there is no other God, and invoke
blessings on His Prophet, Muhammad, on whom be the blessings of Allah and
peace. March until you reach the gathering of the Muslims in Syria, who are in a
state of great anxiety.
"I render praise unto Allah than whom there is no other God, and invoke
blessings on His Prophet, Muhammad, on whom be the blessings of Allah and
peace. March until you reach the gathering of the Muslims in Syria, who are in a
state of great anxiety.
0 Да прибудет с нами мир.
Я возношу хвалу Аллаху, ибо нет Бога кроме Него, и благословляю имя пророка Его, Мухаммеда, пусть Аллах дарует ему благодать и мир. Веди войска свои, пока не достигнешь мусульман Сирии, ибо положение их крайне бедственно.
Я возношу хвалу Аллаху, ибо нет Бога кроме Него, и благословляю имя пророка Его, Мухаммеда, пусть Аллах дарует ему благодать и мир. Веди войска свои, пока не достигнешь мусульман Сирии, ибо положение их крайне бедственно.
→Nothing would have pleased Khalid more than to attack and capture
Ctesiphon, but this was not to be. In late May 634. he received a letter from
Caliph Abu Bakr:
"In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. From the Slave of Allah,
Ateeq, son of Abu Quhafa,25 to Khalid, son of AI Waleed.
Ctesiphon, but this was not to be. In late May 634. he received a letter from
Caliph Abu Bakr:
"In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. From the Slave of Allah,
Ateeq, son of Abu Quhafa,25 to Khalid, son of AI Waleed.
0 Ничего так не желал Халид ибн аль-Валид, как захватить Ктесифон, но этому не суждено было свершиться. В конце мая 634 года он получил послание от халифа Абу Бакра: "Во имя Аллаха, Милосердного и Благодетельного. От слуги Его, Ас-Сиддика, сына Усмана аль-Курайши, Халиду сыну аль-Валида.
→He had done this with boldness and
offensive action and by using the elements of surprise and speed. Above all, it
was the personality of Khalid which inspired the Muslims to perform prodigies
of valour and endurance which few armies have performed in history.
offensive action and by using the elements of surprise and speed. Above all, it
was the personality of Khalid which inspired the Muslims to perform prodigies
of valour and endurance which few armies have performed in history.
0 Добился он этого благодаря отчаянной смелости и наступательной тактике, а также быстроте действий и их неожиданности. Кроме того, сама личность Халида ибн аль-Валида вдохновляла мусульман на чудеса героизма и стойкости, которые проявляла далеко не каждая армия в истории.
→This was the last battle of Khalid in Iraq and marked the end of a brilliant
campaign. He had fought and defeated ten Persian and Christian Arab armies in
the field and captured three fortified cities.
campaign. He had fought and defeated ten Persian and Christian Arab armies in
the field and captured three fortified cities.
0 Эта битва стала последним сражением Халида ибн аль-Валида в Ираке и положила конец блестящей кампании. Он сражался с десятью армиями персов и христианских арабов и победил их всех в бою, а также захватил три укрепленных города.
→A fortnight later Khalid marched to Firaz [near the present Abu Kamal on the
Euphrates] which formed the frontier between Persia and Rome, and here,
after a long wait, he fought and defeated a combined Persian and Roman army
on January 21,634 [the 15th ofZul Qada, 12 Hijrij.
Euphrates] which formed the frontier between Persia and Rome, and here,
after a long wait, he fought and defeated a combined Persian and Roman army
on January 21,634 [the 15th ofZul Qada, 12 Hijrij.
0 Две недели спустя Халид ибн аль-Валид прошел маршем до Фираза [неподалеку от современного Абу-Камаля], который стоял на рубеже Персии и Византии, и здесь, после долгого ожидания, 21 января 634 года [15 числа месяца Зуль-Каада 12 года от Хиджры] он вступил в битву и разгромил объеденные персо-византийские силы.
→Khalid followed and fell upon Muzayyah in a night attack in
which almost the entire opposing force was annihilated. Then he moved rapidly
to Zumeil and the Arabs at Zumeil also disappeared as if swallowed by an
earthquake. These operations lasted about a month up to the middle of
November, 633 [first week of Ramadhan. 12 Hijri]. And Ctesiphon withdrew
once again into its shell.
which almost the entire opposing force was annihilated. Then he moved rapidly
to Zumeil and the Arabs at Zumeil also disappeared as if swallowed by an
earthquake. These operations lasted about a month up to the middle of
November, 633 [first week of Ramadhan. 12 Hijri]. And Ctesiphon withdrew
once again into its shell.
0 Халид ибн аль-Валид преследовал побежденное войско и ночью обрушился на Мазайях, уничтожив почти все силы неприятеля. Затем он срочно перекинул войска к Зумейлу, и арабы исчезли из этого города, будто сметенные землетрясением. Эти военные операции длилиись до середины ноября 633 года [первая неделя месяца Рамадан 12 года от Хиджры]. И вновь Ктесфион отступил, так улитка прячется в своей раковине.
→The
Persian plan was to concentrate all these forces into one mighty army and drive
down to Hira where the Muslims would be crushed in one powerful, operation.
Khalid responded to the challenge with his characteristic speed and boldness.
He first attacked Huseid and Khanafis, defeating each army in situ. The
remnants of these armies marched to Mazayyah and joined the Arab army
assembled there.
Persian plan was to concentrate all these forces into one mighty army and drive
down to Hira where the Muslims would be crushed in one powerful, operation.
Khalid responded to the challenge with his characteristic speed and boldness.
He first attacked Huseid and Khanafis, defeating each army in situ. The
remnants of these armies marched to Mazayyah and joined the Arab army
assembled there.
0 Персы планировали собрать все свои силы в одну огромную армию, подойти к Аль-Хире и разбить мусульман одним могучим ударом. Халид ибн аль-Валид ответил на этот вызов по обыкновению быстро и смело. Сначала он напал на Хусейд и Кханафис и разгромил обе армии на местах. Остатки побежденного войска прошли маршем до Мазайяха, где собирались силы арабской армии, и соединились с ними.
→They raised two fresh armies and
placed one at Huseid and the other at Khanafis. [Both places were west of the
Euphrates and north-east of Ein-ut-Tamr]. Meanwhile the Christian Arabs had
also gathered in two large forces, one at Muzayyah [25 miles west of the present
Heet] and the other at Zumeil [between Muzayyah and Ein-ut-Tamr].
placed one at Huseid and the other at Khanafis. [Both places were west of the
Euphrates and north-east of Ein-ut-Tamr]. Meanwhile the Christian Arabs had
also gathered in two large forces, one at Muzayyah [25 miles west of the present
Heet] and the other at Zumeil [between Muzayyah and Ein-ut-Tamr].
0 Они вновь собрали две армии и расположили одну у Хусейда, а другую - у Кханафиса. [Оба города располагались к западу от Евфрата и к северо-востоку от Айн-уль-Тамра]. Тем временем христианские арабы также собрали две большие армии, одну под Музайяхом [в сорока километрах к западу от современного Хита], а другую при Зумейле [между Музайяхом и Айн-уль-Тамром].
→When Khalid marched to the aid of Ayaz, the Persians came to believe that he
had left Iraq for good and determined to venture out again to deal with the
Muslim invaders who remained in their land.
had left Iraq for good and determined to venture out again to deal with the
Muslim invaders who remained in their land.
0 Когда Халид ибн аль-Валид двинулся на помощь Аязу, персы подумали, что он навсегда покидает Ирак и вновь дерзнули выступить против мусульманских захватчиков, оставшихся на их земле.
Резюме
- Пол:
- женщина
- Родной язык:
- русский
- С нами:
- с 28 сентября 2016 г. (3673 дня) по приглашению gojungle
- Деятельность:
-
1051 версия перевода
с общим рейтингом 623
26 комментариев