pill: переводы

→Configuring Your First Django Project

→In this chapter, you'll see how Django makes this kind of site almost trivially easy to build. I'll walk you through the setup of a simple CMS, and then in the next chapter you'll see how to add a few extra features and provide room to expand it in the future.

→One extremely common task in web development is building a simple content management system (CMS), which lets users dynamically create and edit pages on a site through a web-based interface. Sometimes called brochureware sites because they tend to be used in the same fashion as traditional printed brochures handed out by businesses, they're usually fairly simple feature-wise, but can be tedious to code over and over again.

→Your First Django Site: A Simple CMS

→Once you've installed Python, you should be able to open a command prompt (Command Prompt on Windows, Terminal on Mac OS X, or any terminal emulator on Linux) and start the Python interactive interpreter by typing the command python. Normally, you'll save your Python code into files that will run as part of your applications. But the interactive interpreter will let you explore Python—and Django, once it's installed—in a more freeform way: the interpreter lets you type in Python code, a line at a time, and see the results immediately. You can also use it to access and interact with code in your own Python files, code in the Python standard libraries, or code in any third-party libraries you've installed. This capability makes the interactive interpreter a powerful learning and debugging tool.

→<code>>>> import django<br />

>>> print django.VERSION</code>

→Django is written in a programming language called Python, so the applications you develop with it will also be written in Python. That means you'll need to have Python installed on your computer before you can get started with Django. You can download Python for free from http://python.org/download/; it's available for all major operating systems. As I write this, the Python language is in the process of migrating from one series of major releases (with version numbers of the form "2.x") to another (with version numbers of the form "3.x"). This process is expected to take several years, and most Python-based software, Django included, has not yet begun migrating to the new 3.x series. Thus it's best to install the latest 2.x version of Python— Python 2.6.1 at the time of this writing—in order to enjoy the latest features and bug fixes for the Python language while using Django.

→And that's just scratching the surface. Django's core libraries include a wealth of other features you'll come to love. A number of useful applications that build on Django's features are also bundled with it and provide out-of-the-box solutions for specific needs such as administrative interfaces and user authentication. In the example applications used in this book, you'll see all of these features in action. So let's dive in.

→• A templating system that lets even nonprogrammers write HTML mixed with data generated by your code and just the right amount of presentational logic

→• A validation library that helps you display forms in web pages and process user-submitted data

→• A URL routing library that lets you define exactly the URLs you want and map them to the appropriate parts of your code

→• A set of HTTP libraries that knows how to parse incoming web requests; how to hand them to you in a standard, easy-to-use format; and how to turn the results of your code into well-formed responses

→• An object-relational mapper, which is a library that knows what your database looks like, what your code looks like, and how to bridge the gap between them without repetitive hand-written SQL

→As befits its newsroom heritage, Django bills itself as "the web framework for perfectionists with deadlines." At its core is a set of solid, well-tested libraries covering all of the repetitive aspects of web development:

→In the space of a couple years, they developed a set of libraries that worked extremely well together. By automating or simplifying the common tasks of web development, the libraries helped them get their work done quickly and efficiently. In the summer of 2005, they got permission from the newspaper's managers to release those libraries publicly, for free, under an open source license so that anyone could use and improve them. They also gave these libraries a snappy name, "Django," in honor of the famous gypsy jazz guitarist Django Reinhardt.

→<i>admonition: learning python</i>

→<b>Saying Hello to Python</b>

→<b>Installing Django</b>

→Anything you can type into a file as part of a Python program can be typed directly into the interpreter. You can also access the built-in help system by typing help() and pressing Enter. When you're ready to exit the Python interpreter, press Ctrl+D to shut it down.

→<code>Hello, world! >>></code>