Evita87: переводы
The Muslim Conquest of Persia / Мусульманское завоевание Персии
→The marshes were drained by a large river
which emptied into the Tigris a few miles above Basra, and from this junction
all these waters flowed into the Persian Gulf as one mighty river, known today
as the Shatt-ul-Arab.
which emptied into the Tigris a few miles above Basra, and from this junction
all these waters flowed into the Persian Gulf as one mighty river, known today
as the Shatt-ul-Arab.
0 Эти болота были высушены рекой, которая впадала в Тигр в нескольких милях над Басрой, и весь поток воды оттуда направлялся в Персидский залив, как одна могучая река, известная сегодня как Шатт-эль-Араб.
→The two rpain branches reunited at Samawa whence the Euphrates
flowed towards the region of lakes and marshes already mentioned. While some
of the water of the river lost itself in the marshes, one clear· channel marked on
today's maps as the Euphrates retained its distinct identity as it flowed
eastwards to join the Tigris at Qurna.
flowed towards the region of lakes and marshes already mentioned. While some
of the water of the river lost itself in the marshes, one clear· channel marked on
today's maps as the Euphrates retained its distinct identity as it flowed
eastwards to join the Tigris at Qurna.
0 Две основные ветви воссоединялись в Эс-Самаве, откуда Евфрат направлялся к району озёр и болот, упомянутых выше. В то время, как часть реки затерялась в болотах, один чистый канал, обозначенный на современных картах как Евфрат, в неизменном виде устремился на восток, чтобы слиться с Тигром в Курне.
→The main branch [the western one] again split
up, flowing generally in one large and several subsidiary channels, which over
the centuries have changed course several times, though not as drastically as the
Tigris.
up, flowing generally in one large and several subsidiary channels, which over
the centuries have changed course several times, though not as drastically as the
Tigris.
0 Главный рукав (западный) вновь расходился, разделяясь на один большой и несколько мелких каналов, которые на протяжении веков меняли направление несколько раз, хотя и не так резко, как Тигр.
→Iraq was one of the many lands which formed part of
the Persian Empire, and it was undoubtedly the most prized possession of the
Persians. It was a green jewel, on the rich soil of which many great nations and
dynasties had risen, fought and perished since the time of the ancient
Sumerians.
the Persian Empire, and it was undoubtedly the most prized possession of the
Persians. It was a green jewel, on the rich soil of which many great nations and
dynasties had risen, fought and perished since the time of the ancient
Sumerians.
0 Ирак был одной из множества земель, которые входили в состав Персидской империи, и, несомненно, являлся самым ценным владением персов. Он был словно изумруд, на его плодородной почве со времён древних шумеров расцветали, боролись и умирали многие великие народы и династии.
→From Azarbeijan the Elburz Mountains run east-
wards, skirting the southern shore of the Caspian Sea, to a little beyond
Gorgan.
wards, skirting the southern shore of the Caspian Sea, to a little beyond
Gorgan.
0 От Азербайджана горы Эльбурса пролегают восточнее, огибая южный берег Каспийского моря, чуть дальше Горгана.
→As an eastern extension of this plain, lies the fertile land of
Khuzistan, watered by the river Karon, which the Arabs knew as Dujeil. East of
this plain stand the Zagros Mountains, rising near the Persian Gulf and running
in a north-westerly direction to Azarbeijan, where they are joined by the Elburz
Range in a high, tangled mass, and stretch further northwards to connect with
the Caucasus Mountains.
Khuzistan, watered by the river Karon, which the Arabs knew as Dujeil. East of
this plain stand the Zagros Mountains, rising near the Persian Gulf and running
in a north-westerly direction to Azarbeijan, where they are joined by the Elburz
Range in a high, tangled mass, and stretch further northwards to connect with
the Caucasus Mountains.
0 Продолжением этой равнины на востоке служат плодородные земли Хузестана, орошаемые рекой Карон, которая известна арабам как Дуджейль. Восточнее равнины, недалеко от Персидского залива, возвышаются Загросские горы. На северо-востоке они простираются по направлению к Азербайджану, где к ним присоединяется Эльбурс, образуя массивную горную цепь и тянутся дальше на север, чтобы соединиться с Кавказскими горами.
→Persia was a vast empire. Geographically it consisted of two great plains
separated from one another by mountains. The western part of the empire
comprised the plain of Iraq, which includes the valleys ~f the Euphrates and
the Tigris and runs into the Syrian desert in the west and the Arabian desert in
the south.
separated from one another by mountains. The western part of the empire
comprised the plain of Iraq, which includes the valleys ~f the Euphrates and
the Tigris and runs into the Syrian desert in the west and the Arabian desert in
the south.
0 Персия была огромной империей. Географически она состояла из двух больших равнин, разделённых друг от друга горами. Западная часть империи включала в себя равнину Ирака, в которую входили долины Тигра и Евфрата, и заканчивалась Сирийской пустыней на западе и Арабской пустыней на юге.
→The decline of Persia reached its climax
in the time of Sheeruya, who, not content with the heinous crime of patricide,
turned to worse cruelties. So that none may dispute his right to the throne or
pose a challenge to his authority, he had all the male members of his family
killed with the exception of his son, Ardsheer.
in the time of Sheeruya, who, not content with the heinous crime of patricide,
turned to worse cruelties. So that none may dispute his right to the throne or
pose a challenge to his authority, he had all the male members of his family
killed with the exception of his son, Ardsheer.
0 Падение Персии достигло своего апогея во времена правления Шируи, не удовлетворенный одним отвратительным преступлением - отцеубийством, он пошел на еще большую жестокость. Чтобы никто не смог оспорить его право на трон или бросить ему вызов, он убил всех членов своей семьи мужского пола, за исключением своего сына, Ардшира.
→The north-eastern satrapy had its capital in Khrurasan and included the
provinces of Khurasan, Sijistan [also known as Seestan], Kirman and Herat.
Northwards its boundaries stretched to embrace Balkh, Bukhara and
Sam:arqand, which had been conquered by Anushirwan from the Turks.
provinces of Khurasan, Sijistan [also known as Seestan], Kirman and Herat.
Northwards its boundaries stretched to embrace Balkh, Bukhara and
Sam:arqand, which had been conquered by Anushirwan from the Turks.
0 Столица северо-восточной сатрапии находилась в Хорасане и включала провинции Хорасана, Сиджистана [также известного как Систан], Кирмана и Герата. Северные границы простирались до Балха, Бухары и Самарканда, который был завоёван Ануришваном у турок.
→(1 The Parthians actually claimed descent from the Achaemenians but the claim is
disputed by Persian scholars. Their being Iranian, however is universally acknowledged
2 Ibn qutaiba : p.660.)
/
disputed by Persian scholars. Their being Iranian, however is universally acknowledged
2 Ibn qutaiba : p.660.)
/
0 1. Вообще-то, парфянцы утверждали, что они происходят от Ахеменидов, что было оспорено персидскими учеными. Однако, общепризнанным является тот факт, что они были иранцами.
2. Ибн Кутайба:стр.660
2. Ибн Кутайба:стр.660
→Anushirwan reigned for forty-eight years and died in 579, nine years after the
birth of Prophet Muhammad. He came to the throne after the empire had
suffered a series of military setbacks, but re-established it at the peak of glory,
where, by its distinguished heritage, the Persian Empire belonged.
birth of Prophet Muhammad. He came to the throne after the empire had
suffered a series of military setbacks, but re-established it at the peak of glory,
where, by its distinguished heritage, the Persian Empire belonged.
0 Ануширван правил в течение сорока восьми лет и умер в 579 году, спустя девять лет после рождения пророка Мухаммада. Он взошёл на трон после после того, как империя потерпела серию военных поражений, но восстановил ее на пике славы, которую Персидская империя заслуживала по своему выдающемуся происхождению.
→There was Shapur I [known to the Arab Muslim historians as
Sabur] who captured the Roman Emperor Valerian in battle and kept him as a
prisoner until his death. There was Shapur 11 who ruled for seventy years-his
entire life. [He was declared king while still in his mother's womb and thus is
the only man in history to be crowned even before his birtli.]
Sabur] who captured the Roman Emperor Valerian in battle and kept him as a
prisoner until his death. There was Shapur 11 who ruled for seventy years-his
entire life. [He was declared king while still in his mother's womb and thus is
the only man in history to be crowned even before his birtli.]
0 Одним из них был Шапур I [известный арабским мусульманским историкам как Сабур] который захватил римского императора Валериана в битве и держал его в плену до самой смерти. Затем Шапур II, правивший 70 лет - всю свою жизнь. [Он был объявлен королём будучи во чреве матери и это единственный человек в истории, коронованный ещё до своего рождения].
→The Sasani Empire founded by Ardsheer went from strength to strength and
remained in unending conflict with the Romans and the Turks and Huns.
Ardsheer was followed by several brilliant monarchs who upheld the glory of
the empire.
remained in unending conflict with the Romans and the Turks and Huns.
Ardsheer was followed by several brilliant monarchs who upheld the glory of
the empire.
0 Государство Сасанидов, основанное Ардаширом крепло и развивалось, так и оставшись в нескончаемом конфликте с римлянами, турками и гуннами. Вслед за Ардаширом державой раз за разом правили выдающиеся монархи, которые сохранили славу империи.
→In the west he trounced
the Roman armies under the Emperor Severus Alexander and occupied
Armenia. Ardsheer was not only a conqueror but also a statesman and empire
builder and a man with considerable insight.
the Roman armies under the Emperor Severus Alexander and occupied
Armenia. Ardsheer was not only a conqueror but also a statesman and empire
builder and a man with considerable insight.
0 На западе он разгромил римскую армию под предводительством императора Алесандра Севера и захватил Армению. Ардашир был не только завоевателем, но также политиком, создателем империи и человеком больших знаний.
→Ardsheer was no less ambitious and no less able than the founder of the
Achaemenian dynasty. In the east he invaded India and levied tribute on the
Punjab: in the north he overwhelmed Khurasan and Balkh; and he received the
submission of the kings of Makran and Central Asia.
Achaemenian dynasty. In the east he invaded India and levied tribute on the
Punjab: in the north he overwhelmed Khurasan and Balkh; and he received the
submission of the kings of Makran and Central Asia.
0 Ардашир был одарён и амбициозен не менее, чем основатель династии Ахеменидов. На востоке он захватил Индию и обложил данью Пенджаб; на севере подавил Хорасан и Балх; также, он подчинил королей Макрана и Центральной Азии.
→Persia was again ruled by Asian rulers who, though not Persians, were
nevertheless Iranian. The Parthian rule continued till226 A.D.1
Ardsheer [Artaxerxes] son of Babak, of Fars, a vassal king under the Parthians,
rose and challenged his overlord.
nevertheless Iranian. The Parthian rule continued till226 A.D.1
Ardsheer [Artaxerxes] son of Babak, of Fars, a vassal king under the Parthians,
rose and challenged his overlord.
0 Персия вновь оказалась во власти азиатских правителей, которые, хоть и не были персами, но все же, являлись иранцами. Парфийское господство длилось до 226 года н.э.1, пока Ардашир [Артаксеркс], сын Бабака, выходец из Фарса, король-вассал, подвластный парфийцам, не восстал и бросил вызов своему сюзерену.
→In the battle of Hormuz, fought in 226 A.D.,
the Parthian king, Ardawan, was defeated and slain. Once again the Persian
Empire rose like a colossus; once again the world trembled.
the Parthian king, Ardawan, was defeated and slain. Once again the Persian
Empire rose like a colossus; once again the world trembled.
0 В битве при Ормузе в 226 году н.э. Парфянский король, Ардаван, был побежден и убит. Персидская Империя вновь возвысилась, словно гигант. И мир снова дрогнул.
→Rulers like Darius, Xerxes, Ardsheer [Artaxerxes]
further embellished the empire; but then came Darius 111 who was crowned in
336 B.C. and lacked the broad shoulders needed to carry the burden of imperial
greatness. And he was unfortunate that in his day appeared Alexander the
Great.
further embellished the empire; but then came Darius 111 who was crowned in
336 B.C. and lacked the broad shoulders needed to carry the burden of imperial
greatness. And he was unfortunate that in his day appeared Alexander the
Great.
0 Такие правители как Дарий, Ксеркс, Ардашир [Артаксеркс] ещё больше расширили империю, но затем к власти пришёл Дарий lll, который был коронован в 336 году до н.э. Но ему не хватало твердости характера, чтобы нести на плечах бремя имперского величия. К его несчастью, именно в дни его правления появился Александр Великий.
→In the two centuries that followed, the Persians ruled the world without a rival
to challenge their authority, and the successors of Cyrus extended the imperial
boundaries and annexed the Punjab and Sind also [though the Greeks revolted
early in the 5th Century B.C. and forced the Persians to regard the Bosphorus
- as their western boundary].
to challenge their authority, and the successors of Cyrus extended the imperial
boundaries and annexed the Punjab and Sind also [though the Greeks revolted
early in the 5th Century B.C. and forced the Persians to regard the Bosphorus
- as their western boundary].
0 Два следующих столетия персы правили миром и не было ни единого соперника, который мог бросить вызов их власти. Преемники Кира расширили имперские границы, а также захватили Пенджаб и Синдское государство [однако, греки подняли восстание в начале 5 в. до н.э. и вынудили персов признать Босфор своей западной границей].
→Other, empires in
history rose from humble beginnings and worked their way over generations up
the ladder of power and glory, but the Achaemenian Empire was virtually born
great, for within the lifetime of its founder it had established itself in power that
would endure longer than any other empire of history.
history rose from humble beginnings and worked their way over generations up
the ladder of power and glory, but the Achaemenian Empire was virtually born
great, for within the lifetime of its founder it had established itself in power that
would endure longer than any other empire of history.
0 Истории других империй начинались с малого, они поколениями прокладывали себе путь к вершине власти и славы, но Держава Ахеменидов была практически рождена великой и в течение жизни своего основателя лишь укрепилась во власти, которая устояла бы дольше, чем любая другая империя в истории.
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